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Borei Pri HaAdama: Which Foods: General Rules
Say borei pri ha'adama on:
- Common vegetables,
- Fruits and nuts that grow on annual plants (such as pineapple, bananas, strawberries, peanuts), and
- Uncooked or unbaked grains, including those not of the Five Special Grains.
Note For when to say she'hakol, see Borei Pri HaAdama: Sprouts .
Jewish Festivals: Ending: Before Havdala: Baruch HaMavdil
Say baruch ha'mavdil bein kodesh l'chol (without saying God's name!) if:
- It is already “dark” (you can see three medium-size stars--tzeit ha'kochavim), and
- You want to end the Jewish festival (and Shabbat) before saying ma'ariv's amida or havdala.
Note Saying this formula allows you to do melacha, but you may not eat or drink until you have said or heard havdala.
Note Men must still say the amida and men and women must say or hear havdala later even if they said baruch ha'mavdil bein kodesh l'chol. For how late you may say havdala after a Jewish festival, see Jewish Festival Havdala at Night or Next Day.
Note Men must still say the amida and men and women must say or hear havdala later even if they said baruch ha'mavdil bein kodesh l'chol. For how late you may say havdala after a Jewish festival, see Jewish Festival Havdala at Night or Next Day.
Asher Yatzar: Timing
If you did not say asher yatzar immediately after finishing, you may still say the blessing until the next time you feel the need to urinate or defecate.
Women and HaGomel
Women customarily do not say ha'gomel. A woman does not say ha'gomel after childbirth.
Blessings: Scents: Hesech Da'at
If you say borei isvei vesamim or borei atzei vesamim, you should say the blessing again once you have had a lapse of thought (hesech da'at); that is, once you have stopped thinking about smelling fragrances at that time.
SheHecheyanu at Candle-Lighting for Jewish Festivals
Say she'hecheyanu when lighting candles for:
- Both days of Rosh Hashana,
- Yom Kippur,
- First day (if in Eretz Yisrael) or first two days of Sukkot,
- Shmini Atzeret and Simchat Torah,
- First day (if in Eretz Yisrael) or both days of Shavuot, and
- First day (if in Eretz Yisrael) or first two days of Passover.
Note She'hecheyanu is not said on the last day (if in Eretz Yisrael) or last two days of Passover.
Birkat HaMazon: Eating for Minyan
You may say birkat ha'mazon with a minyan if:
o At least seven men washed, said ha'motzi, and ate bread, with
o Enough other men who ate some food (anything other than water or salt) to total 10 men.
Note If the 10 men's eating overlapped in time with each other, they MAY say birkat ha'mazon with a minyan.
If the 10 men began eating at the same time, they MUST say birkat ha'mazon with a minyan.
o At least seven men washed, said ha'motzi, and ate bread, with
o Enough other men who ate some food (anything other than water or salt) to total 10 men.
Note If the 10 men's eating overlapped in time with each other, they MAY say birkat ha'mazon with a minyan.
If the 10 men began eating at the same time, they MUST say birkat ha'mazon with a minyan.
Al HaMichya: Doubt If You Said
Don't say al ha'michya after eating mezonot if you are not certain whether you said it or not.
Borei Pri HaAdama: Bananas, Hearts of Palm
Say borei pri ha'adama if the tree from which the food grew can only be used once, such as banana trees or palm trees that get cut down after giving their produce.
Fore-Blessings (Bracha Rishona): Priorities
You must say the blessing which was designed to be said on each type of food. B'diavad, a lower level blessing will still cover the food.
From lowest to highest level, here are the food fore-blessings:
From lowest to highest level, here are the food fore-blessings:
- She'hakol,
- Borei pri ha'adama,
- Borei pri ha'eitz (on common fruits),
- Borei pri ha'eitz (on the Five Special Fruits)
Note You will only say borei pri ha'eitz ONCE to include both common fruits and also special fruits that you will eat at one sitting,
- Borei minei mezonot,
- Borei pri ha'gafen, and
- Ha'motzi lechem min ha'aretz.
If Doubt Whether You Said Birkat HaMazon
Say birkat ha'mazon if:
- You are not certain that you said birkat ha'mazon, and
- You were satiated from your meal.
Note You are considered to be “satiated” after eating food if you no longer have an appetite.
Asher Yatzar Underwater
After urinating while scuba diving, say asher yatzar. The water is sufficient as a head covering or, better, you may cover your head with your wetsuit sleeve.
Women: Blessings over Torah
Women are required to say the blessings over the Torah (birchot haTorah) before studying Torah or before praying.
Saying Ma'ariv at Plag HaMincha
You may say ma'ariv on Friday afternoon (erev Shabbat) as early as plag ha'mincha (1 1/4 halachic hours before sunset), as long as you say mincha before saying ma'ariv. So, if it is now plag ha'mincha, you may say mincha and then follow it as soon as you wish with ma'ariv.
NoteOn erev Shabbat, you do not need to say mincha before plag ha'mincha in order to say ma'ariv before sunset. This is unlike on weekdays, when you must say mincha before plag in order to say ma'ariv before sunset.
Mincha: Tzidkatecha
Girls and women never need to say tzidkatecha on Saturday mincha.