Say birkat ha'mazon as a mezuman if:

• You don't have enough men for a minyan (see above), AND
• Two men wash, said ha'motzi, and ate bread, AND
• One or more other men ate any food other than water and salt.

Mixing tuna and mayonnaise and or other soft or mushy foods is permitted on Shabbat; it does not constitute the melacha of kneading/lash.

If you fell asleep for more than 30 minutes in the middle of a meal:

• Wash again and say ha'motzi again, and then say birkat ha'mazon, OR 
• Eat other items with a fore-blessing and after-blessing (since your previous eating is finished).

• Say birkat ha'mazon if you are:
  • Finished eating, and
  • Not hungry again, after having been satiated at the meal.
• Do not say birkat ha'mazon if you are
  • Finished eating, and
  • Hungry again (after having been satiated at the meal), as the original snack or meal is irrelevant to any after-blessing now.

Do not keep food under your bed when you sleep; but if you did, you may eat or use the food
Note Wash the food three times, if possible, pouring with a cup as you would wash your own hands.

If you fell asleep for more than 30 minutes in the middle of a meal:
Step 1: Wash your hands the Three-Times Method to remove the tum'a of your sleep.
Step 2a: To Continue Eating
To continue eating in this case, since the previous blessings and food are no longer relevant (due to hesech da'at), you may:

• Wash again and say ha'motzi again, and then say birkat ha'mazon, OR 
• Eat other items with a fore-blessing and after-blessing (since your previous eating is finished).

Step 2b: If You Are Finished Eating

• Say birkat ha'mazon if you are:
  • Finished eating, and
  • Not hungry again, after having been satiated at the meal.
• Do not say birkat ha'mazon if you are
  • Finished eating, and
  • Hungry again (after having been satiated at the meal), as the original snack or meal is irrelevant to any after-blessing now.

Introduction To CHARITY/TZEDAKA: ON WHAT TO GIVE
Give charity on 10\% of your net, after-tax income or received gifts of money (cash, checks, or equivalent).
 
Items or Material Gifts
If you receive or inherit items or material gifts that you use, you do not need to give charity from their value. If the items or material gifts were intended for sale and you sold them, give to charity 10\% of the money you receive.
 
Trusts, Funds, and Securities
A trust or other inherited or gifted fund does not pay charity on money it receives or earns. Only the recipients give charity, when get they get any money.
If the trusts or funds are intended for sale and you sold them, pay 10\% on the value you received to charity.
 
You do pay 10\% on inherited or gifted securities once you have inherited them, even if you do not intend to sell them. If you do not have enough cash to give 10\% of the securities' value, you should sell 10\% and give that money to charity. The remaining securities do not incur a requirement of owing charity, whether they increase or decrease in value in the future.
 
Heir: Charity on Money or Property for Sale
You must give to charity 10\% of the value of an inheritance or gift of:

• Money, and
• Property, including a building or house, that you to sell (but not if you will keep or use it for yourself, such as to live in). If you do not have enough cash to pay 10\% of the building's value, you may pay it off over time.

Note If  you inherit (or will inherit) from a person who died, you are required to pay for (or help pay for) the dead person's burial. You may not deduct this money for burial or funeral expenses from your ma'aser charity.

Here is a typical order of waking/morning prayers for weekdays (many people say these blessings at the synagogue instead of at home):

• Wake
  Wake and wash hands (Three-Times Method).
• Bathroom
  Take care of any toilet needs, wash your hands (One-Time Method).
  Say blessings al netilat yadayim and asher yatzar (until l'fgarim meitim).
• Torah Blessings

• Talit Katan
  Put on talit katan (for men).
  Say blessing if not married or if not putting on talit gadol later.
    Note You may put on the talit katan before washing your hands

• Birchot HaShachar

• Talit/Tefilin

 

• Talit (for married men or other men with that custom).
• Tefilin (for men).

• L'olam Yihei Adam/Korbanot

• L'olam yihei adam,
• Short shema,
• Paragraph ending mekadeish et shimcha ba'rabim,
• Readings on sacrifices/korbanot,
• 13 rules.

• Psukei D'Zimra

• Psalm 30/Mizmor Shir Chanukat habayit.
• Baruch she'amar through yishtabach (includes ashrei).

• Bar'chu/Shema/Amida

• Psalms/Alenu

Terms To Know

• Neitz, HaNeitz—Sunrise
• Alot HaShachar—72 minutes before sunrise
• MiSheyakir-- 36 minutes before sunrise in New York in winter and 40 minutes in summer. Nearer to the equator, the maximum time is shorter.

When Things Happen
Before Alot HaShachar (72 minutes before sunrise)
You can put on tzitzit/talit and tefilin without blessings.

Alot HaShachar
You can say:

• Birchot ha'shachar.
• Shema and amida, b'di'avad.

Mi'sheyakir (36-40 minutes before sunrise)
You can say:

• Blessings over tefilin and tzitzit/talit.
• Shema and amida as necessary.

K'Vatikin
You can say shema l'chatchila--and begin saying the amida exactly at sunrise.

By Third Halachic Hour of the Day
You have until the third halachic hour of the day to say:

• The blessing mekadeish et shimcha ba'rabim if you want to include the word Adonai.
• Morning shema.

By Fourth Halachic Hour of the Day
You have until the fourth halachic hour of the day to say any of the prayers from barchu until the end of the amida.

Halachic Mid-Day
You have until halachic mid-day, b'di'avad, to say the shacharit amida.

          

Nail clippings, even from children and non-Jews, have ru'ach ra'a and need to be disposed of. The simplest way is to flush them down a toilet or wash them down a drain (but don't put them into the garbage).

When washing your hands using the One-Time Method, in all cases except when washing for bread, here is what to use:

• Best: Cup that holds at least a revi'it of water.
• Next Best: Wash hands from a spigot within 12” of the ground, turning the spigot off and on between hands.
• Third Choice: If the spigot is more than 12” above the ground, simply hold your hands under a regular faucet in the flow of water so that your hands get wet all over.  No need to turn the water on and off.
  Note This is a b'di'avad case. 
• Fourth Choice: If there is no water, say whatever blessings you need to say anyway (for example, asher yatzar) rather than not saying the blessing at all. You will still have the tum'a on your hands (but you should rub your hands on cloth of clothing first).

Less than 1/48th missing is still considered a whole loaf. So if you only have two challot (or other loaves of bread) for Shabbat, you might be able to use one loaf twice, as follows:

• Wash your hands,
• Say ha'motzi,
• Cut off a piece that is less than 1/48th of the loaf, and
• Eat it.

REASON You may consider the remainder of that loaf as still being a full loaf and you may re-use it for your Shabbat morning meal.
NOTE If you have pieces of bread or other mezonot, you may:

• Cut off less than 1/48th of the loaf,
• Eat the additional pieces of bread to make a total of at least 1.9 fl. oz. (56ml), and then
• Re-use the same loaf for Shabbat morning.