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Shabbat: Embarking for Pleasure Trip
You must leave by Tuesday at sunset for a pleasure cruise if you will still be on the cruise at Friday sunset. The ship must have departed before sunset on Tuesday.
 
Shabbat: Embarking for Business Trip
You may embark on a cruise for business until sunset on Friday. You must be on board before sunset, but the ship does not need to depart before sunset. You may not transact business on Shabbat.
 
Tefilat HaDerech: How Often: Once a Day/Once a Trip: Boats
If you take a multi-day boat trip, such as a cruise, say tefilat ha'derech only once during the journey—not each day.
Note Any time you stay overnight (on land) along the journey, say tefilat ha'derech again when you resume your travel.
Tefilat HaDerech: How Often: Once a Day/Once a Trip: Vehicles
When riding in a vehicle on a trip, you should say tefilat ha'derech once each day, as long as:
  • You have gone--or will go--at least 2.8 miles past any populated area, and
  • You will be breaking your trip at night.
Note If you will be living in an RV or other vehicle, only say tefilat ha'derech once for the entire trip.
Shabbat: Biting or Stinging Insects
You may trap insects on Shabbat that may hurt you, such as mosquitoes (without diseases) or bees that might sting you. You may also trap them or chase them away with bug spray. You may not trap insects that just annoy you, such as gnats or flies.
Shabbat: Trapping/Releasing Animals
You may not trap wild animals on Shabbat (or on a Jewish festival). You may release a wild animal that is trapped in a trap or cage by opening the door or gate, but you may not move or lift the cage when the animal is in the cage.
Note The question behind this was asked by my niece Eliza when she was 6-years-old—ANYONE can ask intelligent and useful questions!
Jewish Festivals: Trapping Animals
You may not trap animals on Jewish festivals.
Introduction to Forbidden Mixtures/Kilayim
The limits of kilayim keep:
  • Individual creations true to themselves, in the way they were created by God, and
  • Different, or opposing, spiritual forces governing creation in their own places and within their own bounds.
In the holiness of the Tabernacle or Temple, where opposites were peaceably and constructively resolved, kilayim in the form of sha'atnez was not only permitted but formed the foundation of all main tapestries and two of the High Priest's garments.
Note The Shulchan Aruch lists over 120 halachot pertaining to kilayim in planting!
 
Kilayim-type laws apply today to:
  • Animals (not yoking an ox and donkey together; not interbreeding, say, a horse and a donkey to produce a mule),
  • Food (not eating milk with meat),
  • Clothing - not wearing a garment made of a mixture of linen and wool (sha'atnez), and
  • Plants (interplanting, interbreeding, and grafting different species).
    Note Vineyards in Eretz Yisrael may only be near fruit trees if:
    1. A wall divides fruit tree and vineyard, OR
    2. The vineyard is not a bona fide vineyard. A bona fide vineyard has at least 5 grapevines in at least two rows, with at least two vines in one row and three in the other. 
Personal Statement of Why Something Happened
Someone's statement of why they merited something is just their opinion and may not be the true reason.
Jewish Festivals: Releasing Trapped Wild Animal
As on Shabbat, on Jewish festivals you may release a wild animal that is trapped in a trap or cage by opening the door or gate, but you may not move or lift the cage.
Birkat HaMazon: Replacing Bread
Place the bread back onto the table before saying birkat ha'mazon if the bread had been removed during the meal. This is a non-binding custom, not a halacha.
Note This is true for any meal, not just for Shabbat.
Jewish Festivals: Unplugging Turned-Off Light
You may unplug a turned-off light on Jewish festivals if:
  • You need the space where the lamp is situated, or
  • The cord is in the way and you want to remove it so someone doesn't trip.
Note You may not turn off the light on Jewish festivals.
Blessings and Using God's Name in Vain
You may not use God's name unless there is a positive purpose. Anyone may say any of God's names anytime when studying Torah, even a girl or woman who is reading the Torah with cantillation/trop where she might need to repeat God's name or other words in a line/pasuk and thereby not say the entire pasuk as it is written.
It is permissible to use God's name (and not an altered name such as “Keil” or “Elokim”) in these cases:
  • When reciting a sentence or phrase from the Torah.
  • For any type of teaching of Torah, blessings, and prayers to children up to bar/bat mitzva age.
  • In Shabbat songs/zmirot.
Note When singing zmirot on Shabbat, you should use God's correct name, since zmirot are a form of prayer.
Kashrut: Dairy/Meat: Microwave Oven Dishes
You may microwave a dairy food in a meat (or meat food in a dairy) glass (or Pyrex or Corelle) utensil. Even if the food gets hotter than 120 degrees, the food and utensil are still both kosher. (This is not true if placed in a conventional oven!)
Al HaMichya: Or Birkat HaMazon
Say birkat ha'mazon instead of al ha'michya if you ate enough bread-like foods (mezonot) or bread-like food combinations (such as crackers with tuna salad) to be the volume of your normal biggest meal of the day. This is true even if:
  • You had not planned to have a meal (for example, you planned to eat only one slice of pizza but then ate two more), and
  • Did not wash your hands before the meal.